|
Experimental setup for the bending elasticity measurements. A vesicle with a radius Rv is sucked in a micropipette with a radius Rp< Rv. The hydrostatic pressures inside and outside the micropipette and inside the vesicle are pin, pout and p'. The length of the membrane sucked in the micropipette is L. The bending elasticity is determined from the dependence of L on p = pout- pin |
 Image of a lipid vesicle sucked in a micropipette (Rhodamine label, incorporated in the vesicle membrane) as observed by fluorescence microscopy |
 Polar flexoelectric effect. Observed deformations. |
 
Flexoelectrically textured MBBA nematic layer
|
Image of an emulsion droplet, aspirated in a micropipette, as observed by optical microscopy. |
 The equatorial cross-section of a fluctuating quasi-spherical vesicle observed by phase contrast microscopy |
